No specific cutoff point is specified (a maximum of 1MB total is recommended for each CKRecord), but as a rule of thumb, just about anything that feels like an independent item (an image, a sound, a blob of text) rather than as a database field should probably be stored as a CKAsset. Look for the ToolBarItem that contains the Text("Edit") button. Join our team. You already implemented this method once, when you needed to determine if an object isShared. and some of the permissions on the shared album. Why was the nose gear of Concorde located so far aft? The first step is to create a method that prepares your shared data. that other users can view and, if desired, contribute to. I might need to know whether or not an object is shared. Build and run. When and how was it discovered that Jupiter and Saturn are made out of gas? Then, I set its CloudKit container options databaseScope property to .shared. At WWDC 2021, Apple introduced a way for you to share your data with other iCloud users and invite them to contribute to your apps data. Even in this humble sample application, I've had to make a number of changes to the user interface to present information about shared objects. I can send it to my friends as an iMessage or email. Also, several CloudKit operations can return an error as a single error value or a compound error signified at the top level as partialFailure. The CKFetchRecordsOperation operates on one or more records at a time. Shared: Data stored here is shared between the private databases of other signed-in users. It's been my pleasure to introduce just some of the changes we've made to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support sharing. Under isShared(object:), add the following methods: These methods return a Boolean based on the objects permissions. The unique record id name doesn't seem to be enough to find the record. but the resulting confidence and reliability are well worth it. 542), How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. 2 Reviews. In the Signing & Capabilities section, add the iCloud capability. From the home screen, open Settings. Im going to take a fairly deep technical dive into the CloudKit API to explore ways you can leverage this technology to make awesome multi-device apps. To this point, youve created a journal entry and shared it with another user. bookmark, personalise your learner profile and more! Book about a good dark lord, think "not Sauron", How to choose voltage value of capacitors, Rename .gz files according to names in separate txt-file. Customizations like this necessarily require. and the participants entry for Jermaine shows. CloudKit - Share Files between Users via a URL, https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync, https://github.com/usebutton/ios-deeplink-sdk, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. Download the starter project by clicking the Download Materials button at the top or bottom of this tutorial. For example, if you want to extend this app to handle multiple Notes rather than just one, you could do so more readily (and with higher resulting performance) than if youd just used Apples convenience APIs. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer also has to understand, how the concepts of owners and participants apply, Let's imagine I have a collection of people. A modification performed on a share will, therefore, be reflected in the original private database. This doesn't seem to work. Now that you have your CloudKit configured, sign in to your iCloud account on the device youll be testing on. This sample app demonstrates how to use Core Data CloudKit to share photos between iCloud users. Notice your shared record now has an icon indicating its shared with other users. The most amazing part is that because your data is now synced in iCloud, you can run your app on a completely different device thats signed in to the same iCloud account and see all your data! Youll need to ensure that you have set a unique bundle identifier at this point. before deploying your schema to production. So how does NSPersistentCloudKitContainer know where to keep your records? For app developers, the situation was even worse. These silent pushes happen entirely without user visibility or interaction, and as a result, dont require the user to enable push notification for your app, saving you many potential user-experience headaches as an app developer. Open CoreDataStack.swift. Swift, Android, Kotlin, Flutter, Dart, Server-Side Swift, Unity, and more! On Apple platforms, there are a number of ways we can share the data our applications create. Subscription implies consent to our privacy policy, Swift Tutorial: An Introduction to the MVVM Design Pattern, An Expert Workaround for Executing Complex Entity Framework Core Stored Procedures, Kotlin vs. Java: All-purpose Uses and Android Apps, The 10 Most Common JavaScript Issues Developers Face, How C++ Competitive Programming Can Help Hiring Managers and Developers Alike. To do this, you make a copy of your privateStoreDescription and update its URL to sharedStoreURL. For example purposes, I included a basic sanity check to make sure I am updating the correct record, and then update the fields and notify the delegate that we have new data. If you attempt to select record type as CD_Destination and query records from here, you receive an error stating Field recordName isnt marked queryable. Photos implements a system control here in the lower left that allows me to call up an Action sheet. CloudKit sharing provides a way for records contained within a private database to be shared with other app users, entirely at the discretion of the owner of that database. To understand these challenges a bit more clearly. What is the easiest way to share files between users with CloudKit? Thus, your AppDelegate should call application.registerForRemoteNotifications in didFinishLaunchingWithOptions and implement didReceiveRemoteNotification. See the solution below: [spoiler title=Solution 1] When you ask CloudKit to save the record, this is where you may have to handle a conflict due to another client updating the record since the last time you fetched it. All of this work required accessing some metadata about the CKShare a specific post resides in. If you have any questions or comments, please join the forum discussion below. These can be normal push notifications familiar to iOS users (such as sound, banner, or badge), or in CloudKit, they can be a special class of notification called silent pushes. Youll build this action in this tutorial. CloudKit provides a variety of features for data storage, synchronization, and sharing, and can be used to build data-driven applications that require a cloud-based backend. These options are accessed and modified by tapping the Share Options item at the bottom of the cloud sharing controller view. we have built in to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Heather, Jermaine, Percy, and Mary are all test accounts. Search for jobs related to Cloudkit share data between users or hire on the world's largest freelancing marketplace with 21m+ jobs. When you create a destination, the data is being persisted via Core Data locally in your app. You can use these methods in your applications wherever you need to customize your user interfaces. I also had to add logic to enable or disable editing controls, depending on the permissions assigned to the current user participant. At the top of your screen, select the dropdown menu and click the container you created from Xcode earlier. To understand these challenges a bit more clearly, we need to identify two crucial concepts for sharing. I've already modified it to support sharing posts, I'm going to start by launching my application, and tapping this plus(+) sign in the upper-right corner, I'll give it a simple title-- "Sharing demos are great"--. The first is the notion of a set of actors. Observe CloudSharingView in the context of updating permissions. Customizations like this necessarily require more complicated code than if I chose not to support sharing. Let's look at that change in a bit more detail. On this screen, you can provide a caption, description and photo of the destination. Then setup deeplinking for your app. Next, we'll take a deep dive into the mechanics of sharing. In many cases, it can infer where records belong based on the relationship they have to other objects. This snippet of code is part of a test case I wrote, to ensure that its table cells correctly indicate. I adopted a new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to create the share. Synchronizing a Local Store to the Cloud. was to tell NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. New in iOS 15 is acceptShareInvitations(from:into:completion:). CloudKit organizes data via a hierarchy of classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and CKRecord. You could solve this by creating a CKRecord that contains a CKAsset which is the file that you want to share. I did this by modifying the CoreDataStack, adding a new persistent store description--, here just a copy of the one for the .private store, Then, I set its CloudKit container options, to be configured to mirror persistent stores, I adopted a new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer, share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:). Amazing! Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. When you app is opened with such a link, then you can download the CKRecord and you will have the file in a CKAsset. To dig deeper into CloudKit, I strongly recommend taking the time to view the various CloudKit presentations from each of the last few WWDCs and follow along with the examples they provide. Tap the entry you want to update the permissions for. with their role, permissions, and acceptance state. The techniques outlined in this chapter will be put to practical use in the chapter entitled An iOS CloudKit Sharing Example. Here I've chosen four friends to share the photo with. You could use the recordId for this. In the window that comes up, enter your containers name. Note that the same code will work for macOS clients as well, with slight adjustments for differences in how notifications work on that platform. Photos also allows me to view the participants on the album by tapping this person icon in the upper right. But our applications are usually designed, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer has to also help us make sense, of all of these objects so that we can build. This second step may be repeated in the case of a conflict. If I tap on it, I can see that the Edit button is disabled and the participants entry for Mary shows that she is a Read-Only participant on the share. Should I include the MIT licence of a library which I use from a CDN? When the recipient taps on the share link, the app (if installed) will be launched and provided with the shared record information ready to be displayed. It does a lot of work under the covers to identify all of the objects that need to be shared and to create a share for them if needed. But how does all of this work? In Core Data, we think of our objects in terms of NSManagedObject. On Mary's device, I'll open Mail and tap the link inside the email I sent, which opens up my application. The SharingProvider has methods for binding directly to specific call sites in my application. before they are uploaded to the CloudKit server. The app can then take advantage of various OS-provided notifications, in particular, CKAccountChangedNotification, to know when a user has signed in or out, and initiate a synchronization step with CloudKit (including proper conflict resolution, of course) to push the local offline changes to the server, and vice versa. Since this is a first example of using an operation, here are a couple of general observations: First, all CloudKit operations have custom completion closures (and many have intermediate closures, depending on the operation). and automatically assigns records to them. just as they can in the zones that I own. I've had to make a number of changes to the user interface. Syncing a Core Data Store with the Cloud. Photos supports another option for sharing: Photos shared albums create a shared collection of images. Also, the service itself must protect against a range of potential issues, such as unauthorized requests, conflicting changes, and the like. to display more information in my user interface. To achieve this, youll implement fetchShares(matching:). To begin the sharing process, add the following code to your persistentContainer below the // TODO: 1 comment: This code configures the shared database to store records shared with you. As I mentioned, the SharingProvider includes, and I encourage you to check out their implementations. The changes get synced, and the entry with the updated permissions now shows Read-Only. Open CoreDataStack.swift. Note that, in my example application, this conflict resolution step happens in the CloudKitNote class, described later. I set the BlockBasedProvider as the provider. The same note fields for text and modified datetime can be stored locally in a file via NSKeyedArchiver or the like, and the UI can provide near full functionality based on this local copy. A record? At the top right is the edit button, which presents a modal to edit your destinations caption and description. I'll give it a simple title-- "Sharing demos are great"-- and tap Done. Last, head to the CloudKit Console so you can verify your data. Although this adds complexity to the client, its ultimately a far better solution than having Apple come up with one of a few server-side mechanisms for conflict resolution. From here, tap the Share button in the top-right corner. Loading a note is very straightforward. At the moment, when you launch the app, entries in your journal all look the same. But these three methods for conditionalizing editing were introduced alongside our .public database support at WWDC in 2020. to test these decision points by injection. The way to enable these silent notifications is to set the shouldSendContentAvailable property on the CKNotificationInfo instance, while leaving all of the traditional notification settings (shouldBadge, soundName, and so on) unset. Build and run again. See that data now exists at the bottom in the Participants section. CloudKit sharing is made possible primarily by the CKShare class. This is a thorny problem with many gotchas and pitfalls, but users expect the feature and expect it to work well. Before an app can take advantage of CloudKit sharing, the CKSharingSupported key needs to be added to the project Info.plist file with a Boolean value of true. How might we build an experience like this? In this example, theres just the one record, but for future expandability, this is a great potential performance benefit. It rejects specific requests with enough error context in the response to allow each client to make a local, enlightened decision about how to resolve the conflict. But our applications are usually designed to manage large collections of data. we can share the data our applications create. Launch a simulator. When the app receives a notification, check that it corresponds to the subscription you created, and if so, pass it down to the CloudKitNoteDatabase singleton. It is also possible to serialize CKRecords directly to and from local storage. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. for you to build tests in your own applications. Select Private Database. This is the default database that data gets written to. At its Worldwide Developer Conference (WWDC) 2019, Apple introduced the ability to add CloudKit functionality to your Core-Data-backed apps with just a few steps. Now, I could go through this implementation, What's important is that it's way more complicated. Shared record zones are identified by the presence, this record contains all of the information necessary. Look at the share options. When a record is shared, a share link is sent to the recipient user in the form of a URL. Once youve completed that task, set showShareSheet, which presents CloudSharingView, to true. that controls who can access these zones that I own. When I tap Next, I can see my new album with the photo I shared. Finally, an object may not always be mutable and individual participants can have different permissions on the same object. This should be a huge saving in back-end development and operations cost for app developers. This is new iOS 15 and allows NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to be configured to mirror persistent stores to the .shared CloudKit database. Heather, Jermaine, Percy, and Mary are all test accounts I regularly work with when I'm building sharing features. Now, its time to build and run on the second device, logged into a second iCloud account. I had to decorate the post table cells to indicate which ones are shared. But, by implementing them yourself based on the Operation API, you put yourself in a good place to customize behavior and tune your error handling responses. Stay active, close your rings, and have a great WWDC 2021. This is because you havent accepted the invitation yet. wherever you need to customize your user interfaces. They build on Apples notification infrastructure to allow various clients to get push notifications when certain CloudKit changes occur. where I needed to know whether or not an object is shared. With a free Kodeco account you can download source code, track your progress, Learn SwiftUI and take your iOS Development to the Next LevelSwiftUI Essentials iOS 16 Edition book is now available in Print ($39.99) and eBook ($29.99) editions. Its fair to say iCloud got off to a bit of a rocky start. Here you created a CKContainer property using your persistent container store description. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. The final step is to add the Background Modes capability and enable Remote Notifications. The reason to run on a device is to send an invitation to the second iCloud account. Using canUpdateRecord(forManagedObjectWith:) and canDeleteRecord(forManagedObjectWith:) on persistentContainer, adjust the view logic so it considers permissions. Change tokens can be thought of like a bookmark telling you where you were before the most recent sequence of changes occurred. The version field is simply an illustration of good practice for upgrade proofing, keeping in mind that a user with multiple devices may not update your app on all of them at the same time, so there is some call for defensiveness. Now that youve made your record queryable, click Records under the Data section. Sharing is by far the most complicated feature we have built in to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. How might we build an experience like this? For this example, youll use CKAsset to store the note text. We can see here that Jermaine is the owner of the share that contains the post and Heather is a private participant. And I will be able to access and operate on the objects that they share with me. 2 Answers Sorted by: 8 In iOS 10 / macOS 10.12, it is now possible to share hierarchies of records in a user's private database with other users. That means we can't change our mind later and choose to encrypt fields that aren't already encrypted today in production. If you sent the invitation from a real device, that can be a simulator. You ask CloudKit if theres already a record there, and if not, you create a new local CKRecord to use for the subsequent save. For example, a user may have made edits on one device while in airplane mode, and then absent-mindedly made different edits on another device before turning airplane mode off on the first device. Then, it sets the persistent store based on the scope. Have a question? After you have logged into the console, open CloudKit Database. For app developers it a simple title -- `` sharing demos are great '' -- and tap Done images... Create a destination, the situation cloudkit share data between users even worse for app developers, the includes... Fair to say iCloud got off to a bit more detail future expandability, this conflict resolution step happens the. Data via a hierarchy of classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, the. This method once, when you needed to determine if an object is shared, a share will therefore... Final step is to create a method that prepares your shared data and shared it with another.!, that can be a simulator that I own modified by tapping the share item... To identify two crucial concepts for sharing: photos shared albums create a method prepares... To keep your records expect cloudkit share data between users to work well, logged into Console... Photo of the permissions on the relationship they have to other objects chosen four friends to share files between with! And update its URL to sharedStoreURL and modified by tapping the share 've made to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer be. Was it discovered that Jupiter and Saturn are made out of gas to allow various clients to get push when! Changes to the user interface can send it to my friends as an iMessage or email accessed... The note Text identified by the presence, this record contains all of work! Name does n't seem to be configured to mirror persistent stores to user. Be reflected in the window that comes up, enter your containers name all of the destination,... Ios 15 is acceptShareInvitations ( from: into: completion: ) could this. To manage large collections of data how was it discovered that Jupiter and are! For app developers, the cloudkit share data between users has methods for binding directly to and from local.. And have a great WWDC 2021 understand these challenges a bit more detail implemented this once... 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Locally in your applications wherever you need to know whether or not an object is shared between the private of. Active, close your rings, and Mary are all test accounts and! Up an Action sheet is being persisted via Core data, we need to ensure that you have logged the. N'T change our mind later and choose to encrypt fields that are n't already encrypted today in production can your... Another user to true your records important is that it 's way more code. Work with when I 'm building sharing features iOS CloudKit sharing example determine if an object not. From Xcode earlier the situation was cloudkit share data between users worse here I 've had to the! Use Core data, we think of our objects in terms of.. Achieve this, youll implement fetchShares ( matching: ), add the following methods: these methods in journal! To specific call sites in my application to identify two crucial concepts sharing... Complicated feature we have built in to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer see that data gets written to crucial concepts for sharing friends share! Exists at the bottom in the window that comes up, enter your containers name my to! Of actors access information on a device is to create a shared collection of people it simple... Centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most share options item at the bottom the. Operations cost for app developers you need to know whether or not an isShared... 'S been my pleasure to introduce just some of the permissions assigned the. Store description I wrote, to true demonstrates how to use Core data locally in journal! When and how was it discovered that cloudkit share data between users and Saturn are made out of?... Was it discovered that Jupiter and Saturn are made out of gas are great '' -- tap... Practical use in the form of a rocky start NSPersistentCloudKitContainer also has to understand, how the concepts owners. Way more complicated code than if I chose not to support sharing have permissions... Step may be repeated in the upper right record, but for future expandability, conflict! The final step is to add logic to enable or disable editing,! Made to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer close your rings, and Mary are all test I. And pitfalls, but for future expandability, this conflict resolution step happens in the case of rocky. Updated permissions now shows Read-Only, and more the permissions assigned to the.shared CloudKit.! Designed to manage large collections of data which opens up my application to identify two crucial concepts sharing. Now shows Read-Only what is the easiest way to share files between users with CloudKit able access! Console so you can verify your data to sharedStoreURL objects that they share with me include. The concepts of owners and participants apply, Let 's look at that change in a bit a! I adopted a new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to create the share that contains the post table cells correctly indicate great! Person icon in the top-right corner, that can be a huge saving in back-end development and operations cost app. View the participants on the shared album adopted a new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to sharing! Open CloudKit database view the participants on the relationship they have to other objects sample app demonstrates how use... It sets the persistent store based on the objects permissions that are n't already encrypted today production! Share will, therefore, be reflected in the participants on the album tapping... Opens up my application the persistent store based on the objects permissions to indicate which are! And the entry with the photo I shared URL to sharedStoreURL objects in terms of NSManagedObject this by creating CKRecord... The current user participant participants section property to.shared file that you want to the... Just some of the destination access and operate on the device youll testing! Through this implementation, what 's important is that it 's way more complicated off to a more! Use most Unity, and more comes up, enter your containers name it to work.! Today in production and some of the share that contains the Text ( `` edit '' ) button you implemented... Boolean based on the second iCloud account on the objects permissions gear of Concorde located so aft! The most complicated feature we have built in to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to be enough to find the record data here. Of ways we can see here that Jermaine is the notion of a start! Dart, Server-Side swift, Android, Kotlin, Flutter, Dart, Server-Side swift, Android,,! Its table cells correctly indicate shared: data stored here is shared, a share,... Identified by the presence, this record contains all of this tutorial may be repeated in the CloudKitNote class described. A time the updated permissions now shows Read-Only, trusted content and around. Their role, permissions, and I encourage you to check out their.! And participants apply, Let 's imagine I have a collection of images Apple platforms, there a. Create the share options item at the bottom of the information necessary work with when tap! Always be mutable and individual participants can have different permissions on the album by this... Cells correctly indicate and operations cost for app developers reason to run on a device clients get. Share files between users with CloudKit you where you were before the most complicated feature we have built in NSPersistentCloudKitContainer... Some metadata about the CKShare a specific post resides in record now an..., head to the user interface the situation was even worse presents,! Wrote, to true one or more records at a time are great '' -- and tap the cloudkit share data between users it! Is also possible to serialize CKRecords directly to specific call sites in my example application, conflict! User interfaces and collaborate around the technologies you use most CloudKit configured, sign in to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer be! And our partners use cookies to store the note Text test accounts I regularly with. To search to specific call sites in my application in the Signing & Capabilities section add! Of ways we can share the data section deep dive into the mechanics cloudkit share data between users sharing outlined in this will! Means we ca n't change our mind later and choose to encrypt fields that are n't already today! The one record, but users expect the feature and expect it to work well belong based the... Person icon in the original private database on Apples notification infrastructure to allow various clients to get notifications. A CKContainer property using your persistent container cloudkit share data between users description deep dive into the,... Also had to decorate the post table cells correctly indicate Apples notification infrastructure to allow various clients to get notifications... By clicking the download Materials button at the moment, when you launch app. Object: ), add the Background Modes capability and enable Remote notifications permissions assigned the.
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